Este taller empoderará a los participantes a generar sus propios enlaces y conexiones a través de la colaboración. Abrirá paso al diálogo y buscará cerrar las grietas de comunicación que los filtros burbuja propician a través de la polarización de opiniones.
Registro previo: info.artealameda@gmail.com
British Council Mexico
#MWYFB #Tecnología #PensarenelInternet #Educación #LAA
E. coli bacteria
www.edbites.com/2013/01/gut-feelings-eds-and-the-microbiome/
Consider this thought experiment:
Drop a person in a blender (since it’s all hypothetical, go ahead and make it someone you don’t like. Feel better? I bet you do!). Then, count all the total number of cells that are produced. Only one in ten of these cells will be human. The other 90%? Those are all microbes. If you look at the total number of genes in your human smoothie (NOT coming soon to a Jamba Juice near you), the numbers are even more skewed: only one in 100 genes are human. The rest are, again, bacterial. The total collection of all of these bacteria living in and on our bodies is known as the microbiome.
The idea isn’t to gross out the card-carrying germophobes among us. But let’s face it: we’re just as much bacterial as we are human. Plenty of these microbes live on our skin, in our lungs and genital tracts. The mother lode of microbes, however, live in our gut. They are crucial to extracting energy from food, and these microbes are extremely sensitive to what we eat. Starving mice for just one day dramatically alters the composition of their gut microbes. Specifically, it decreases a type of bacteria known as Firmicutes. When researchers transplanted Firmicutes into the guts of lean mice, they rapidly gained weight (Crawford et al., 2009)
When it comes to eating disorders, there isn’t much talk of microbes. There are the occasional papers from researchers like Sergei Fetissov about potential auto-immune responses in people with eating disorders, and some work on PANS (pediatric auto-immune neuropsychiatric syndrome) and anorexia, but generally, researchers haven’t looked at the role of the microbiome in triggering or perpetuating an eating disorder.
Much work has been done in obesity research. Scientists have consistently found that people with a BMI >30 have different gut microbes than people with BMIs in the “normal” range. As well, bariatric surgery also significantly changes gut microbes as people lose weight, making them look more similar to the bacterial profiles seen in “normal weight” individuals. A more recent study in The ISME Journal proposed a microbiome diet: eating foods that would eliminate a type of bacteria called Enterobacter helped a person lose drastic amounts of weight in a short period of time (Fei & Zhao, 2012).
So how are microbes involved in eating disorders? No one really knows. Cindy Bulik has begun a study looking at this relationship, but the results still aren’t in. Based on the studies above, it’s reasonable to assume that ED behaviors (starving, binge eating, and/or purging) will have a significant effect on a person’s microbiota. It still has to be measured, but I would bet a lot of money on it. The question is what do these microbial changes have to do with ED symptoms?
Imbalances in gut microbes in mice and rats have been found to alter patterns of risk-taking and anxious behaviors–something that also happens in people with EDs. They could also, perhaps, explain weight loss seen in anorexia and EDNOS. Maybe the initial restricting triggered a significant change in gut microbes that amplified the effects of malnutrition. Maybe they lacked a group of microbes that produced an important hormone regulating hunger and satiety. No one really knows.
One hint to the potential role of microbes in EDs comes from a study published today in the journal Science (Smith et al., 2013). The scientists studied the relationship between gut microbes and kwashiorkor, a form of severe malnutrition that occurs when a person doesn’t eat enough protein. Of the 317 twin pairs from Malawi that the researchers followed for three years, half became significantly malnourished and 7% developed signs of kwashiorkor. Obviously, a lack of protein is crucial to the development of this disease but it’s not the only factor as not everyone with a severely protein-deficient diet will develop kwashiorkor. Something else had to be going on.
First, the researchers treated twin pairs discordant for kwashiorkor (that is, one twin had it, whereas the other didn’t) with “ready-to-use therapeutic food”- basically peanut butter on steroids. Twins with kwashiorkor had significantly different from nearby twins who (presumably) at pretty close to the same diet. The researchers found significant changes to the gut microbes in the ill children with the use therapeutic food. Discontinuing the therapeutic food caused a regression in the functioning of the gut microbes.
The kicker is this: when the researchers fed mice a standard Malawian diet and inoculated them with microbes from the guts of malnourished children, they rapidly lost weight and also developed kwashiorkor. This happened despite the fact that their diets contained adequate calories. One of the reasons that the researchers believed the therapeutic food is so effective at treating kwashiorkor is that it helped restore normal gut microbes.
To say what effect restoring normal gut flora will have on ED symptoms remains to be seen. Probiotics are a hot item, but much of the research is fairly overblown. There’s definitely still potential there, and we need to know more about which populations of people are likely to benefit and which aren’t. But it’s an interesting idea, and I think we need to know a lot more about the role of the microbiome in the development and perpetuation of EDs.
In closing, a quote from scientist John Rawls in an interview with Scientific American:
“We are in the midst of a revolution of our ability to describe the composition and physiological potential of these bacterial communities…What we can begin to speculate on, though, are the different types of relationships that might be taking place. We know gut microbiota enhance our ability to extract calories from complex carbohydrates, which is clearly a mutually beneficial relationship. But it’s thought that all vertebrates have the capacity to digest and absorb other types of nutrients, such as lipids, proteins and simple carbohydrates, so it’s not readily clear how we could enter into a mutually beneficial relationship with bacteria with regard to those nutrients.”
Vi.Tri_NA Sub:JEti:VaLi:ve Dra/WinG
LIv3 KoDinG
TiTo RoM3Ro
f3zTi-VaL Art3 NueVo
Chi.Hua:Hua
R34L tiMe
G3NeRaTiVe Dra_WiNg
NéuRoALgoriTHm
Pro:Xi:MAMenT3 … Animasivo Mu:Seo : Ta-MAYo Art3 Kon-TemPo/RANeO #
http://www.lavanguardia.com/ciencia/cuerpo-humano/20171030/432483141811/microbiota-intestinal-regula-sistema-inmunitario-colitis-ulcerosa-diabetes.html
ABRE LA VÍA A TRATAMIENTOS
Descubren cómo la microbiota intestinal regula el sistema inmunitario
Una bacteria del intestino es capaz de reclutar glóbulos blancos para que combatan la inflamación
Descubren cómo la microbiota intestinal regula el sistema inmunitarioMicrobiota intestinal en una muestra de heces (Scimat Scimat / Getty)
Comparte en Facebook Comparte en Twitter 4
CRISTINA SÁEZ
30/10/2017 08:45 | Actualizado a 30/10/2017 10:06
Investigadores del Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), en Barcelona, y de la Universidad de Calgary, en Canadá, han descubierto un mecanismo por el que la microbiota intestinal regula la respuesta inmunitaria del organismo en enfermedades autoinmunes. Este mecanismo, afirman los investigadores, abre la vía a desarrollar nuevos tratamientos terapéuticos para enfermedades como la colitis ulcerosa o el Crohn.
En un estudio con ratones y publicado en Cell, los científicos han hallado que, cuando algunas células de defensa se equivocan y comienzan a atacar a otras células en el intestino provocando inflamación y enfermedades como colitis o Crohn, determinadas bacterias de la microbiota son capaces de “reclamar” a un tipo de glóbulos blancos, los linfocitos T, para que acudan al intestino, aplaquen la rebelión y supriman la colitis en los roedores.
“Creemos que este mecanismo está probablemente involucrado en prevenir que mucha gente desarrolle EII”, dice Kathy McCoy, de la Escuela de medicina Cumming de la Universidad de Calgary.
Determinadas bacterias de la microbiota son capaces de reclamar a un tipo de glóbulos blancos para que acudan al intestino y aplaquen la rebelión autoinmune
No obstante, este mecanismo beneficioso que ayuda a combatir enfermedades autoinmunes intestinales tiene una contrapartida. Según han visto los investigadores, esos glóbulos blancos, los linfocitos T, encargados de frenar la inflamación, también pueden reaccionar de forma exagerada ante células del páncreas y causar diabetes tipo 1.
Clave para la supervivencia
La microbiota intestinal, el conjunto formado por billones de microorganismos que habitan en el intestino, realiza funciones clave para la supervivencia, como proporcionar al organismo nutrientes y vitaminas, ayudar a digerir alimentos o educar al sistema inmunitario para que desarrolle su función. En este sentido, diversos estudios epidemiológicos recientes han constatado que cuando se producen alteraciones o desequilibrios en la microbiota intestinal, aumenta el riesgo de sufrir enfermedades autoinmunes, como asma, celiaquía o enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.
“Sin microbiota, no se desarrolla correctamente el sistema inmunitario. Y eso se sabe desde los experimentos realizados a mediados del siglo pasado en que criaban ratones sin gérmenes y estos enfermaban y morían, incapaces de hacer frente a ningún patógeno”, explica Pere Santamaría, líder de grupo en Idibaps y profesor catedrático en la Universidad de Calgary.
(ktsimage / Getty Images/iStockphoto)
“Sabíamos, pues, que la microbiota intestinal estaba implicada en la regulación del sistema inmunitario pero se desconocía cómo de forma específica las bacterias regulaban e influían en las enfermedades. Y eso es, precisamente, lo que hemos descubierto”, afirma Santamaría, que ha liderado el estudio.
Así, han hallado que, cuando algunos glóbulos blancos comienzan a atacar las células del intestino, produciendo inflamación, una proteína de una especie de bacterias muy común en el intestino de los ratones y también de los humanos, llamada Bacteroides, penetra en la barrera intestinal y “llama” a los linfocitos CD8, otro tipo de células de defensa., que son capaces de reconocer estas proteínas. Al detectarlas, se dirigen al intestino y allí frenan la inflamación.
Los linfocitos que protegen contra la colitis también pueden causar diabetes tipo 1
“Estos linfocitos existen en el organismo porque protegen al individuo contra la colitis, que es un tipo de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. No obstante, hemos visto que el precio que hay que pagar es que a veces esos linfocitos CD8 también reaccionan con un antígeno muy parecido que está expresado en las células del páncreas. Y en ese caso pueden causar diabetes tipo 1”, añade este investigador.
El problema yace en que las proteínas que expresa la bacteria de la microbiota son casi idénticas a las expresadas por las célula del organismo, en este caso del páncreas, lo que puede crear confusión en los linfocitos CD8 y dar lugar a enfermedades autoinmunes.
“Si hemos encontrado el ejemplo de esta enfermedad –asegura Santamaria en referencia a la colitis ulcerosa- es muy probable que haya muchos más ejemplos por descubrir que explicarían las asociaciones entre la presencia o ausencia de ciertas bacterias en la composición de la microbiota y cambios en la incidencia y prevalencia de ciertas enfermedades autoinmunes a nivel de la población”.
El descubrimiento de este mecanismo abre la puerta a desarrollar tratamientos para tratar estas enfermedades autoinmunes
Los investigadores apuntan que el hecho de que las células de defensa CD8 desempeñen una acción antiinflamatoria en el intestino pero proinflamatoria en el páncreas tiene una explicación evolutiva.
“El cuerpo no necesita células que reaccionen contra el propio cuerpo y nos provoquen diabetes. De ser así solo, la evolución las hubiera eliminado. Si se han desarrollado y persisten es porque tienen un papel beneficioso para nuestra supervivencia. Hace cientos de miles de años era más peligroso tener una colitis ulcerosa que una diabetes tipo 1. Quizás por eso aún sigamos teniendo estas células, aunque el precio que paguemos sea que quizás algún día atacarán al páncreas”, afirma Santamaría.
El descubrimiento de este mecanismo abre la puerta a desarrollar tratamientos para tratar estas enfermedades autoinmunes. De hecho, este mismo grupo ha desarrollado una plataforma terapéutica basada en nanopartículas que podría aplicarse para emular o potenciar la acción de la microbiota y contribuir a la supresión de la colitis.
El cuerpo no necesita células que reaccionen contra el propio cuerpo y nos provoquen diabetes. De ser así solo, la evolución las hubiera eliminado. Si se han desarrollado y persisten es porque tienen un papel beneficioso para nuestra supervivencia”
PERE SANTAMARÍA
Líder del estudio
http://neurosciencenews.com/chronic-fatigue-microbiome-4581/
HomeFeatured
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Is Not in Your Head, It’s in Your Gut
Neuroscience NewsNEUROSCIENCE NEWSJUNE 27, 2016
FEATUREDNEUROLOGYOPEN NEUROSCIENCE ARTICLES6 MIN READ
Summary: Researchers have identified biomarkers for chronic fatigue syndrome in gut bacteria and in inflammatory microbial agents in the blood.
Source: Cornell University.
Physicians have been mystified by chronic fatigue syndrome, a condition where normal exertion leads to debilitating fatigue that isn’t alleviated by rest. There are no known triggers, and diagnosis requires lengthy tests administered by an expert.
Now, for the first time, Cornell University researchers report they have identified biological markers of the disease in gut bacteria and inflammatory microbial agents in the blood.
In a study published June 23 in the journal Microbiome, the team describes how they correctly diagnosed myalgic encephalomyeletis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in 83 percent of patients through stool samples and blood work, offering a noninvasive diagnosis and a step toward understanding the cause of the disease.
“Our work demonstrates that the gut bacterial microbiome in chronic fatigue syndrome patients isn’t normal, perhaps leading to gastrointestinal and inflammatory symptoms in victims of the disease,” said Maureen Hanson, the Liberty Hyde Bailey Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics at Cornell and the paper’s senior author. “Furthermore, our detection of a biological abnormality provides further evidence against the ridiculous concept that the disease is psychological in origin.”
“In the future, we could see this technique as a complement to other noninvasive diagnoses, but if we have a better idea of what is going on with these gut microbes and patients, maybe clinicians could consider changing diets, using prebiotics such as dietary fibers or probiotics to help treat the disease,” said Ludovic Giloteaux, a postdoctoral researcher and first author of the study.
In the study, Ithaca campus researchers collaborated with Dr. Susan Levine, an ME/CFS specialist in New York City, who recruited 48 people diagnosed with ME/CFS and 39 healthy controls to provide stool and blood samples.
The researchers sequenced regions of microbial DNA from the stool samples to identify different types of bacteria. Overall, the diversity of types of bacteria was greatly reduced and there were fewer bacterial species known to be anti-inflammatory in ME/CFS patients compared with healthy people, an observation also seen in people with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
Image shows gut bacteria.
The researchers sequenced regions of microbial DNA from the stool samples to identify different types of bacteria. Overall, the diversity of types of bacteria was greatly reduced and there were fewer bacterial species known to be anti-inflammatory in ME/CFS patients compared with healthy people, an observation also seen in people with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. NeuroscienceNews.com image is for illustrative purposes only.
At the same time, the researchers discovered specific markers of inflammation in the blood, likely due to a leaky gut from intestinal problems that allow bacteria to enter the blood, Giloteaux said.
Bacteria in the blood will trigger an immune response, which could worsen symptoms.
The researchers have no evidence to distinguish whether the altered gut microbiome is a cause or a whether it is a consequence of disease, Giloteaux added.
In the future, the research team will look for evidence of viruses and fungi in the gut, to see whether one of these or an association of these along with bacteria may be causing or contributing to the illness.
ABOUT THIS NEUROLOGY RESEARCH ARTICLE
Funding: The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Source: Melissa Osgood – Cornell University
Image Source: This NeuroscienceNews.com image is in the public domain.
Original Research: Full open access research for for “Reduced diversity and altered composition of the gut microbiome in individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome” by Ludovic Giloteaux, Julia K. Goodrich, William A. Walters, Susan M. Levine, Ruth E. Ley and Maureen R. Hanson in Microbiome. Published online June 23 2016 doi:10.1186/s40168-016-0171-4
Es una especulación experimental sobre la multiplicidad, la endosimbiosis, el hologenoma, la conciencia y el proceso creativo de la forma en la poiesis. Un experimento sobre dibujo automático, generativo y expandido, iniciado por arcangelo constantini en 1997, cuando desarrolló un “ neuro algoritmo”, que emplea como proceso creativo para dibujar organismos antropomórficos improvisados, cada dibujo que realiza es único e irrepetible, surge espontáneamente en el momento del trazo y no es preconcebido antes del acto del dibujo. Un algoritmo en el que un punto se transforma en una línea y de un flujo de trazos libres surge un organismo único, idea sugerente a el Punto y la línea en el plano de Kandisnky
La generación espontánea de la vida era una antigua teoría aristotélica en que planteaban que la vida podría surgir de manera espontánea de compuestos inorgánicos.
A este experimento de dibujo automático lo llamó ¨ MorFogénesis Espontánea ¨, más que la generación espontánea de la vida, es la de la forma, como referente de la vida, la que se genera en esta práctica de dibujo expandido.
Las Bacterias y las Archae son organismo unicelulares, simples y básicos de la familia de las procariotas, que en procesos evolutivos mutualistas y simbióticos dieron origen a las eucariotas, originando los organismos multicelulares que evolucionaron a todas las formas y estructuras biológicas que han existido en el planeta
De formas simples, surgieron las formas complejas. El organismo humano tiene origen en esta sopa primordial y vive en endosimbiosis con las bacterias, ya que la microbiota forma parte fundamental de los procesos metabólicos, de la salud, y las emociones. En realidad somos más bacteria que humanos, ya que estas son más numerosas que las células de nuestro cuerpo, una multiplicidad de diversos organismos forma nuestra microbiota sin ellos no podríamos vivir.
La hipótesis del Hologenoma menciona que son más de 8 millones los genes contenidos en el cuerpo humano , de los cuales solo 27,000 son humanos, una inmensidad de información que de igual manera evolucionó interrelacionadose con nuestra especie
El acto de dibujar bakteria, es liberar a la conciencia directa del proceso del dibujo, es dejar fluir al trazo y liberarlo a la espontaneidad, es meditar sobre la endosimbiosis, sobre los microorganismos que habitan el cuerpo, sobre las complejas relaciones metabólicas, sobre el hologenoma, sobre la multiplicidad, sobre la conciencia y el origen del “YO” y el Ego.
Las bacterias son organismos unicelulares simples con un código genético complejo
Sin entrar en trance pero como un médium, al dibujarlas sufren una mutación extrema, una especie de entrecruzamiento genético, de organismos simples se antropoformisan a entidades complejas, tomando una personalidad específica, pasan de un estado onírico a un medio concreto, el papel, para luego emigrar en un proceso digital a la red. como sistemas interactivos visual sónicos, micro poéticos con la intención de ¨ infectar¨ la mente de los usuarios .
La Morfología es tanto el estudio de las formas y estructuras biológicas como las del diseño humano, de la misma manera en lingüística estudia la estructura de las palabras.
En el movimiento dadaísta de la posguerra, liderados por el poeta Andre Breton, desarrollaron la escritura automática, como un proceso poético en el que liberan al consciente y dejan fluir al subconsciente en la escritura de textos que toman coherencia posterior al acto.
Desde que empezó a dibujar bakteria, de forma inusual y empírica cada una que dibuja está asociada a palabras que sufren una mutación léxica, estas palabra de manera simultánea al dibujo son espontáneas y surgen en el momento del trazo.
Una área del cerebro controla el neuroalgortimo de dibujo generativo mientras otra esta activa con el lenguaje
Bakteria estructura a el lenguaje escrito como un organismo que evoluciona, muta , cambia y se transforma, con el advenimiento de los sistemas computacionales, un arsenal de caracteres ascii como símbolos del alfabeto fonético internacional, están en disposición de usarse para infectar la gramática y complejizar y estetizar la lectura de manera Morfo Poética
Al trazar bakteria, libera al subconsciente en el acto poético de nombrarlas, usando dos palabras incontextas con las que posteriormente construye un poema . Durante el dadaísmo surgió la escritura automática, para explorar la poiesis del subconsciente artístico.
Cada palabra es Infectada gramaticalmente, explorando el código ASCII de los sistemas computacionales, para generar un acto estético y fonético. Correlacionado con el flujo del trazo generativo y la personalidad del individuo que emerge
La serie de Re_CiKLaDo es un ejercicio diario de publicación en línea, Dibujo la bakteria sobre papel reciclado, escribo dos palabras que parecen carecer de relación, escaneo cada dibujo y lo coloreo de manera digital, antes de publicarla en red realizó una investigación semántica de cada palabra con las que nombre a la bakteria y construyó un micropoema experimental irreverente de lenguaje transgredido, que contextualiza la relación y el sentido de las palabras con las que nombre a la bakteria en su momento.
Bakteria.org forma parte de una práctica continua desde 1997, en un inicio bakteria habitaba en el repositiorio de net art unosunosyunosceros.com un sistema que especula sobre la percepción del espacio y los aspectos tangibles e intangibles de la realidad, con experimentos visual sonoros especulativos sobre tres estados de percepción. Onirico-Concreto-Digital, La percepción de la mente en el entorno onírico , un espacio de subjetividad, el concreto como el objetivo y material, y la nueva materialidad de los entornos digitales.
Bakteria.org es fundamental en este experimento continuo de especulación sobre la realidad, un proceso que empieza en el entorno onírico (derivado de los procesos biológicos) que aterriza a un medio concreto ( el papel ) para derivarse en sistemas interactivos digitales ( la red ) e infectar por medio de la interacción la mente de los usuarios ( onírico ) regresando al flujo original e inicial del proyecto.
A la fecha son miles de bakteria dibujadas, mediante distintos procesos estéticos, estáticos y dinamicos, sonoros e interactivos son publicadas en red manteniendo el espíritu de horizontalidad del medio.
En la actualidad se está dando una investigación exponencial sobre la microbiota, muy importante por los alcances que tiene con la salud humana y la conciencia. De manera paralela nos demuestra el estado de simbiosis de la vida, en el que no somos organismos aislados e independientes, si no que formamos parte de uno holos. Las neurociencias también están desarrollando una investigación muy importante para entender los procesos evolutivos de la conciencia y su relación con los microorganismos y el hologenoma
El arte transdisciplinar y la especulación de la realidad son fundamentales en la comprensión de la realidad y la importancia de una interacción sana con el medioambiente.
Bakteria.org este es un experimento continuo de 20 años sobre estados de percepción poéticos y neuro estetica. El proceso continúa y continuará indefinidamente
La siguiente etapa es construir una taxonomía del universo de bakteria.org y entender de manera más clara el neuro algoritmo de dibujo generativo y la morfogénesis espontanea
Autism and the Microbiome: Immunization With Bacteria?
Microbiome7By Teresa Conrick
http://www.ageofautism.com/2016/06/autism-and-the-microbiome-immunization-with-bacteria.html
As more and more is unraveled about the MICROBIOME in health and disease, causes and of course treatments are going to be discussed. The big questions will hopefully concern prevention of diseases as well. I recently came upon an article that made me wonder what direction Microbiome research could take:
Immunization with bacteria promotes stress resilience, coping behaviors in mice, CU-Boulder study finds
Injections of the soil bacterium Mycobacterium vaccae (M. vaccae NCTC 11659) promote stress resilience and improve coping behaviors in mice, according to a new study led by the University of Colorado Boulder.
The researchers also found that M. vaccae prevented stress-induced colitis, a typical symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting that immunization with the bacteria may have a wide-ranging suite of health benefits.
The findings appear today in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
“The immunized mice responded with a more proactive behavioral coping response to stress, a strategy that has been associated with stress resilience in animals and humans,” said Christopher Lowry, an associate professor in the Department of Integrative Physiology at CU-Boulder and the senior author of the new research….
The immunized mice continued to show decreased levels of submissive behaviors one to two weeks after treatment. M. vaccae treatment reduced stress-induced colitis…
…The research underscores the importance of an organism’s microbiome in preventing and coping with inflammation-related diseases and psychiatric conditions…
…“An injection of M. vaccae is not designed to target a particular antigen the way a vaccine would, but instead activates the individual’s immunoregulatory responses to protect from inappropriate inflammation…
Well that’s interesting and could also make one wonder, could this be something for AUTISM? Maybe that’s what the authors are inferring here in the full study about “PREVENTION” .full:
Although not specifically addressed here, immunoregulatory approaches may also prove useful in prevention of neurodevelopmental and other somatic and neuropsychiatric disorders in which elevated inflammation contributes to disease vulnerability (84).
INAPPROPRIATE INFLAMMATION. That sure could be AUTISM as most research shows INFLAMMATION in the brain. The MICROBIOME has been shown to be very connected to the MICROGLIA in the BRAIN.
But the idea of immunization as a treatment for Autism may be hard to fathom as many parents witnessed their children regress into Autism after vaccination. Are VACCINATION and IMMUNIZATION much different? In this case though, it does appear to be almost an immunization antidote in a way, as these good bacteria seem to be a Superman, able to turn back time to when the Microbiome was unaltered, or maybe undamaged is a better word? For many it may be the word — IMMUNIZATION — that will just be a turn-off.
The bacteria mentioned here, Mycobacterium vacca, has other ways it can enter the body – This study is from 2010 and is similar to the study from above —:
Mycobacterium vaccae is a natural soil bacterium which people likely ingest or breathe in when they spend time in nature,
…We found that mice that were fed live M. vaccae navigated the maze twice as fast and with less demonstrated anxiety behaviors as control mice…..
But, in that same study — immunization of M. vaccae enabled some NEURONS to grow — Previous research studies on M. vaccae showed that heat-killed bacteria injected into mice stimulated growth of some neurons in the brain that resulted in increased levels of serotonin and decreased anxiety. Again, a very similar study.
So did the bacteria stimulate the growth of neurons? It sounds, according to the study, that it is possible and almost like a way to help the MICROBIOME of many but maybe especially those who show symptoms related to:
INFLAMMATION
stress-induced colitis , a typical symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
preventing and coping with inflammation-related diseases and psychiatric conditions
modulating the immune system
For many, this describes both the medical and subsequent behavioral signs of Autism.
Ironically, as I was typing this out, a kind reader from here at Age of Autism, sent me a few emails that seemed related. We are blessed to have a steady “family” of fans and supporters who follow us:
Hi Teresa,
I have a 13 year old with Autism and PANDAS. A few months ago my daughter’s biomed doctor put her on Ortho Molecular Products “Ortho Biotic 100 Million CFU.” We are seeing changes in her and I noticed the other day on the side of the box it says “broad spectrum proven strains restore the natural diversity of the microbiome.”
… this new probiotic seems to be doing something. She went to the zoo yesterday with her school and so I asked her what she saw there. Usually when you ask her a question her answer is “good,” but she looked up at me and said “elephant” with no delay and good eye contact.
I thought maybe it would help your daughter.
….Oh also, my daughter is a red head with blue eyes.
Well, I thanked her very much for her support and thoughtfulness (Thank you again, Sandy! ), and for any that don’t know, my daughter, Megan, is red-headed with blue eyes. Knowing other are with us on our journey in helping our ill and affected children is a comfort to say the least.
Her mention of Ortho Molecular’s “Ortho Biotic 100 Million CFU” got me reading up on this product with with much interest, and with the above studies still in my brain:
Ortho Biotic 100 is a high-dose probiotic delivering 100 billion active cultures for cases of gastrointestinal (GI) and immune distress. Going beyond the threshold of traditional probiotic support, high-dose probiotics influence GI health and immunity in ways lower-dose probiotics cannot. Shown to activate over 1,700 genes involved in immune and inflammatory signaling, high-dose probiotics improve immune function, strengthen the gut-immune barrier, and promote inflammatory balance.
Enhances Immune System Function
Strengthens the Gut-Immune Barrier
Promotes Inflammatory Balance
Supports Digestion and Micronutrient Absorption
Maintains Gastrointestinal Health
Well, it looks very promising. I am not endorsing it or the above immunization method but just want to show that treatments to change the Microbiome into a healthier state are increasing.
As you can ascertain, there are related studies and treatments on the Microbiome, and Autism is hopefully going to benefit immensely by them. Checking them out is important and the mode of delivery seems an appropriate research area. We might also walk away from this seeing that immunizations can alter the Microbiome. In this situation, we see benefit but could it also be true that immunization could do the opposite, as in well-baby visits?
Teresa Conrick is Contributing Editor to Age of Autism.
Posted by Age of Autism on June 07, 2016 at 06:00 AM in Teresa Conrick | Permalink | Comments (13)
Comments
Feed You can follow this conversation by subscribing to the comment feed for this post.
Jeannette Bishop
In case the study discussed below has not already been referenced (apologies if I missed it) and in the event it might be relevant:
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/05/160519130105.htm
“Antibiotics that kill gut bacteria also stop growth of new brain cells”
Summary:
Antibiotics strong enough to kill off gut bacteria can also stop the growth of new brain cells in the hippocampus, a section of the brain associated with memory, reports a new study in mice. Researchers also uncovered a clue to why — a type of white blood cell seems to act as a communicator between the brain, the immune system, and the gut.
Posted by: Jeannette Bishop | June 13, 2016 at 11:29 PM
Benedetta
The video is called “Immune system dysregulation”
Posted by: Benedetta | June 13, 2016 at 10:53 PM
Benedetta
Dr. Susan Humphries has a video on research she put together on dead parts of microbes vs live microbes/viruses.
Apparently dead part of microbes causes the immune system more problems, unable to fight off other diseases, and higher mortality rate.
https://www.facebook.com/VaxXed/?fref=nf
I don’t know if the above link I gave will get any one that is interested to her site or not.
Live turns on Th 1 and dead turns the Th2 immune system.
Posted by: Benedetta | June 13, 2016 at 10:51 PM
Betty Bona
I do think they are on to something here, but I shudder at how the implementation of the new knowledge may actually cause even more damage. I don’t want another “immunization”! How about supplementing our topsoil with this soil bacteria and refraining from pesticides that kill this bacteria so that we get the bacteria we need in the way we were intended to get it – through our food. This also gives me even more hope for the product, Restore. It doesn’t have the soil bacteria in it, but it has the byproducts of ancient soil bacteria. The byproducts act as communication messengers. What were all these ancient bacteria, and can we replenish our soil with them? This research is exciting, but I don’t like the use of just one bacteria, and I don’t like the introduction through such a non-natural route. The way money controls everything in the healthcare field, I predict a vaccination for all with this bacteria, and I predict more harm will be done than good.
Posted by: Betty Bona | June 13, 2016 at 11:54 AM
Benedetta
All vaccines is basically dead bacteria or parts or even just the toxoid the bacteria produce; unless it is some live weakened virus.
That is how the whole vaccine theory is suppose to work isn’t it?
The immune system is then presented with these antigens and gets ready for the next time if the real bacteria, or virus comes along. Maybe it don’t work that way at all but teaches tolerance?
“Stabilizing the gut microbiome”
The only thing we can take from this study is that introducing antigens through the skin – effects the GI.
Jeannette Bishop is probably right – how do we know what the researchers were noticing in mice behavior; was it aggression, or really less anxious.
Posted by: Benedetta | June 09, 2016 at 07:57 AM
Benedetta
Snake charmers – taking a bit of snake venom – builds a tolerance to the cobra vaccine.
Tolerance of the body – not immunity against it.
Posted by: Benedetta | June 09, 2016 at 12:06 AM
Benedetta
Thank You very much Teresa for looking this up and putting it under the comments.
I have thought on this all day as I was driving, I was just amazed because every thing I was taught and observed, any live bacteria will cause inflammation when it by passes the gut. So, it makes better sense that it is dead.
But you know I am still amazed that dead bacteria does all this. What is going on? Does something happen to the immune system when it sees dead bacteria cycling out of the body into the lymph and GI track, and then does what?
Ahhhh; The only thing I can think of that I have ran across that is similar to this is allergy shots. And I have never understood how that works. How is it that allergens like bee sting venom and pollen from trees, and grass could be injected into the body and it helps with allergies.
And I will tell you all this – it does work- cause I and my two kids took allergy shots for years.
Now I look back at that and think how could I be so trusting of that allergy doctor. He was from Cambodia – a very sweet man, but he had a lab full of people mixing up what he ordered. and giving these in the form of shots.
My kids’ peds did not like him — In that case – I did like him. And by the way our hay fever; improved dramatically. The allergy shots though did make us at times feel nauseous. The stomach again!
zonnulin – is part of our immune system inside our gut, that is our own -Something must be going on in the lymph that suddenly makes the stomach microbe become altered.
Thanks for this article. Some thing to be stored in our memories. I think this is going to be important.
There is a lot here we don’t know
Posted by: Benedetta | June 08, 2016 at 08:04 PM
Jeannette Bishop
I’m not sure I understand what researchers are doing here…if they are injecting what is believed to be healthy mice not under stress (which I always wonder about in laboratory conditions) with dead bacteria, maybe to get the immune system into a state of alert(?), and they show better or more “pro-active” stress coping behavior…is this demonstrating that the immune system determines the injection is not something to mount an infection (or partial infection) response to (not like a vaccination with adjuvant) but still responds to the stress(? injection of something) another way that affects physiology?
Doesn’t this possibly demonstrate that vaccination can increase aggression and alter neurological physiology (along with other affects from the vaccine components)?
Posted by: Jeannette Bishop | June 08, 2016 at 12:23 PM
Teresa Conrick
Hi Benedetta,
Thanks for your interest and question. No, I saw that the bacteria was heated — “Treatment of mice with a heat-killed preparation of an immunoregulatory environmental microorganism, Mycobacterium vaccae” in the recent study and also in the 2010 study — “Previous research studies on M. vaccae showed that heat-killed bacteria injected into mice stimulated growth of some neurons in the brain that resulted in increased levels of serotonin and decreased anxiety.”
Here’s the full text of the 2016 study– http://www.pnas.org/content/113/22/E3130.full
some highlights:
– orally administered probiotics with immunoregulatory and antiinflammatory properties have been shown to induce anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects in animal models (6, 16). It remains unclear whether these beneficial effects of probiotics are due to their ability to prevent stress-induced decreases in microbial diversity, their immunoregulatory effects, or both.
– Previous studies have demonstrated that probiotics can have antiinflammatory effects in rodent models of chronic inflammation, including colitis, following either mucosal or subcutaneous administration (19, 20), and in some cases these effects are observed using heat-killed preparations (20). Subcutaneous injections of heat-killed preparations of immunoregulatory bacteria may have some advantages, including long-term”
– “If inadequate immunoregulation and subsequent chronic low-grade inflammation are risk factors for development of stress-related psychiatric disorders, pretreatment with an immunoregulatory agent would be expected to be protective. ”
– M. vaccae is an abundant soil saprophyte, a microorganism that lives on dead or decaying organic matter, with immunoregulatory properties (22). A heat-killed preparation of the organism modulates dendritic cell function (23) and induces Treg and secretion of antiinflammatory cytokines, including IL-10 and transforming growth factor β (22).
– We assessed stress coping behaviors of M. vaccae- or vehicle-immunized mice during 2 h of CSC exposure on days 1, 8, and 15, effects of preimmunization with M. vaccae on CSC-induced changes in the gut microbiome on days –21, –14, –7, 1, 8, and 15, anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus-maze (EPM) on day 19, and pathophysiology on day 20.
– these data demonstrate that immunization with M. vaccae induced a long-lasting shift toward a more proactive coping response (27), characterized by decreased submissive, flight, and avoiding behaviors, during chronic psychosocial stress that, based on previous studies in rodents and humans, may decrease vulnerability to the development of more persistent anxiety- and depressive-like symptoms (24, 25).
– M. vaccae administration has persistent effects on brain serotonergic systems and microglial density in the brain. ……….immunization with M. vaccae selectively increased microglial density in the prelimbic part of the medial prefrontal cortex
– M. vaccae immunization had a stabilizing effect on the gut microbiota throughout the study, consistent with recent studies demonstrating that host adaptive immunity modulates the gut microbiota (40). In line with these findings, multiple linear regression showed that 11% of the variation in the gut microbiota was explained by the histological damage score in the colon, reflecting intestinal immune activation.
– In conclusion, these data suggest that exposure to environmental microorganisms, administration of probiotics with immunoregulatory actions, or immunoregulation-promoting immunizations with heat-killed preparations of these organisms or antigens derived from these organisms may confer health benefits, including mental health benefits
Posted by: Teresa Conrick | June 08, 2016 at 10:50 AM
Benedetta
So Jenny;
You think that the bacteria that was injected into the mouse by passing the gut might have it’s own immune system to keep the body from reacting to it? Parasites do do that. Older parasites that have been around a long time – older the better – evolves not to do harm to the host.
Maybe that is the case of this certain type of bacteria given directly to this mouse?
The next question I would want answered – would there be a danger of getting too much of a good thing?
Posted by: Benedetta | June 08, 2016 at 09:55 AM
Jenny
So, this touches on something that was niggling in the back of my head several weeks ago after a different post here along the same lines.
I think all living things have survival mechanisms, i.e. immune systems. They all have to survive environmental exposures, including exposures to other living things such as other bacteria, viruses, fungus, etc.
Lifespans/cellular division – astronomical different between humans and bacteria.
It’s decades between a human splits off and creates another human, passing on immunities that they may have developed over the first decade or two or three of their lives. And those immunities were formed from exposures.
What is the average time it takes for bacteria to procreate/split, passing on the immunities they develop from their environmental exposures? Seconds, minutes, hours? Certainly not decades.
If breast milk contains immunities to pass on, and didn’t someone have a patent out there on the idea about injecting cows (udders), who then developed immunities to what was injected, and using the resulting milk as a “natural vaccine/immune protection,” why couldn’t probiotics act in the same way?
Hypothetically, couldn’t that explain natural attenuation, i.e. it could be why plagues never last, they naturally end at some point. Didn’t someone point out that strep throat isn’t necessarily treated with antibiotics in the U.K. anymore because it just doesn’t cause the dreaded scarlet fever associated side effects anymore over there? For example, if South American natives were wiped out by small pox or measles or whatever it was, and other diseases when the Spanish originally showed up there, what if they had all been able to import some kind of Spanish kombucha first? Would they have still been wiped out? If the measles vaccines has never been introduced, would anybody still be showing signs of it when exposed to it?
Would sauerkraut grown in an Ebola exposed geographical area or a Ziki area offer beneficial immunological protection against an unexposed population on the other side of the world?
Posted by: Jenny | June 08, 2016 at 07:17 AM
Benedetta
I mean live — and fully healthy – bacteria into the muscles and by passing the gut?
Posted by: Benedetta | June 07, 2016 at 11:04 PM
Benedetta
Teresa; Was your understanding – that they were injecting live – bacteria -into a mouse?
Posted by: Benedetta | June 07, 2016 at 10:18 AM
Post a comment
Comments are moderated, and will not appear until the author has approved them.
Comment below or sign in with Typepad Facebook TwitterGoogle+and more…
(You can use HTML tags like <b> <i> and <ul> to style your text. URLs automatically linked.)
Your Information
(Name and email address are required. Email address will not be displayed with the comment.)
Donate
To Send a Check
Payable to Autism Age PO Box 110546 Trumbull, CT 06611
Donations are Tax Deductible, Safe & Secure.
Recent Comments
Sandy Lunoe on Sweden Votes Down Mandatory Vaccination
Morag on The End of Journalism: A Book Review of The Smear By Sharyl Attkisson
Mark Wax on The End of Journalism: A Book Review of The Smear By Sharyl Attkisson
AnneS on The End of Journalism: A Book Review of The Smear By Sharyl Attkisson
bob moffit on The End of Journalism: A Book Review of The Smear By Sharyl Attkisson
Grace Green on Ten Minutes to Wapner – The OCD of Autism
will on Autism GI Pain: New Research Shows Significance
will on Where Have all the Young Men Gone? Long Time Passing.
kws on Where Have all the Young Men Gone? Long Time Passing.
Shelley Tzorfas on Where Have all the Young Men Gone? Long Time Passing.
Support Our Sponsors
HC Logo 2014
Canary final logo
Safeminds 2014 Logo
Vaccine-Autism Link
The One-Pager
Skyhorse Publishing
Jennifer Laviano: Your Special Education Rights: What Your School District Isn’t Telling You
Jennifer Laviano: Your Special Education Rights: What Your School District Isn’t Telling You
Richard Moskowitz MD: Vaccines: A Reappraisal
Richard Moskowitz MD: Vaccines: A Reappraisal
Mark Blaxill: Denial: How Refusing to Face the Facts about Our Autism Epidemic Hurts Children, Families, and Our Future
Mark Blaxill: Denial: How Refusing to Face the Facts about Our Autism Epidemic Hurts Children, Families, and Our Future
Dara Berger: How to Prevent Autism: Expert Advice from Medical Professionals
Dara Berger: How to Prevent Autism: Expert Advice from Medical Professionals
James Lyons-Weiler: The Environmental and Genetic Causes of Autism
James Lyons-Weiler: The Environmental and Genetic Causes of Autism
Wayne Rohde: The Vaccine Court: The Dark Truth of America’s Vaccine Injury Compensation Program
Wayne Rohde: The Vaccine Court: The Dark Truth of America’s Vaccine Injury Compensation Program
Mark Blaxill: Vaccines 2.0: The Careful Parent’s Guide to Making Safe Vaccination Choices for Your Family
Mark Blaxill: Vaccines 2.0: The Careful Parent’s Guide to Making Safe Vaccination Choices for Your Family
Julie Obradovic: An Unfortunate Coincidence: A Mother’s Life inside the Autism Controversy
Julie Obradovic: An Unfortunate Coincidence: A Mother’s Life inside the Autism Controversy
Contributors
Dan Olmsted, Founder 2007 – 2017
Kim Rossi, Managing Editor
Mark Blaxill, Editor-At-Large
Anne McElroy Dachel, Media Editor
John Stone, UK Editor
Nancy Hokkanen, Contributing Editor
Julie Obradovic, Contributing Editor
Teresa Conrick, Contributing Editor
Katie Wright, Contributing Editor
Cathy Jameson, Contributing Editor
Natalie Palumbo, Contributing Editor
Dan Burns, Contributing Editor
Adriana Gamondes, Contributing Editor
Tim Welsh, Contributing Editor
Do You Read Me?
The Autism File Magazine
Dan’s UPI Series “The Age of Autism”
The Age of Polio. Explosion.
Connect
Shop Amazon Support AofA
Books
Suggested reading
Search
Find over 6,000 archived articles since 2007
Google
WWW
ageofautism.com
Age of Autism • Powered by Typepad
Top
